Online renewal removes the paper form, the mailing and the counter. It does not remove the photo studio. Canada.ca states that the digital passport photo "must be taken in person by a commercial photographer," and the file you upload has to be saved directly from that photographer's camera. A phone photo, a selfie, a scan of your prints or a file you edited yourself will not do, even if it meets every measurement.

So the job is not taking the photo. It is asking the studio for the right file, and checking it before you upload.

<Callout type="note" title="Quick answer">
**Who takes it:** a **commercial photographer, in person**. No home photos, no scans of printed photos.

**The file:** **.jpeg or .jpg**, **3:2** aspect ratio in portrait mode, at least **1,800 px high x 1,200 px wide**, at most **4,500 x 3,000 px**, **200 KB to 5 MB**, saved directly from the original camera file.

**The face:** chin to crown **45% to 50%** of the photo's height, eyes open and visible, mouth closed, no smile, no glare on glasses.

**Age:** taken **no more than 6 months** before you apply. **Never** altered with editing software, filters or AI tools.
</Callout>

Every requirement below comes from IRCC's [Passport photo requirements](https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/canadian-passports/photos.html) page (date modified February 11, 2026) and its [Renew a passport online in Canada](https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/canadian-passports/renew-adult-passport/submit-form-fees/renew-online.html) page (date modified September 15, 2026), both read on September 16, 2026.

<SpecTable
  document="Canadian passport online renewal photo"
  verifiedOn="September 16, 2026"
  source={{ label: "Canada.ca - Passport photo requirements (Online renewals)", href: "https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/canadian-passports/photos.html" }}
  rows={[
    { label: "Who takes it", value: "Commercial photographer, in person" },
    { label: "Format", value: ".jpeg or .jpg" },
    { label: "Aspect ratio", value: "3:2, camera in portrait mode" },
    { label: "Minimum size", value: "1,800 px high x 1,200 px wide" },
    { label: "Maximum size", value: "4,500 px high x 3,000 px wide" },
    { label: "File size", value: "200 KB to 5 MB" },
    { label: "Face height", value: "45% to 50% of photo height, chin to crown" },
    { label: "Source file", value: "Saved directly from the original camera file" },
    { label: "Scans of prints", value: "Not accepted" },
    { label: "Maximum age", value: "6 months when you apply" },
    { label: "Background", value: "Plain white or light-coloured" },
    { label: "Edits", value: "None: no editing software, filters or AI" },
  ]}
/>

## Why the studio rule survived the move online

The printed Canadian passport photo carries a chain of custody on its back: the studio's name, complete address and the date, as our [Canada passport photo requirements](/blog/canada-passport-photo-requirements) guide explains. A digital file has no back to stamp, but IRCC kept the principle. Its July 28, 2026 [announcement expanding online renewal](https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/news/2026/07/canada-expands-online-passport-renewal-to-all-eligible-adults.html) to all eligible adults in Canada says it plainly: "All passport applications require commercially taken photos. Online renewal uses a digital photo file provided by a commercial photographer."

That is the opposite of the US system. The State Department's online renewal accepts a photo a friend or family member takes, as our [US online passport renewal photo](/blog/us-passport-renewal-online-photo) guide covers. If you hold both passports, the at-home approach that works for one does not work for the other. Who is allowed to take the photo, country by country, is in [can you take your own passport photo](/blog/who-can-take-passport-photo).

## Check you can renew online first

The digital photo is only for online renewal. If you renew by mail or in person, you need printed photos, with the photographer's details stamped or written on the back, instead. The renew-online page lists these conditions:

- You applied for your current passport when you were **16 or older**, and you're renewing **your own** passport.
- Your current passport is a **regular (blue)** passport, was **valid for 5 or 10 years**, shows your place of birth, and was **issued in the last 15 years**.
- Your residence and mailing address are **in Canada**.
- Your passport **expires in the next 6 months or is expired now**.
- You're **not travelling in the next 20 business days**.
- Your name, date of birth, place of birth and gender identifier stay **the same**.
- Your passport is not damaged, seized or surrendered, and has **no observations** in it.

The page says it can take up to **20 business days** to process your application, plus mailing time. The July announcement adds that anyone who needs a passport faster must apply in person for express or urgent service.

## What the photographer has to produce

Give these numbers to the studio before they shoot, not after. Canada.ca even has a heading on the photo page telling you to "Give these requirements to your photographer."

**Format and shape.** A .jpeg or .jpg with a 3:2 aspect ratio, the camera held in portrait mode. That means the height is one and a half times the width. 1,800 x 1,200 is the smallest accepted size; 4,500 x 3,000 is the largest.

**File size.** Between 200 KB and 5 MB. A file from a studio camera can exceed 5 MB, and a heavily compressed one can drop under 200 KB, so the photographer may need to export at a specific quality.

**Face size.** The chin-to-crown measurement must be between 45% and 50% of the photo's height. As arithmetic on the minimum 1,800-pixel height, that is 810 to 900 pixels from chin to the top of the head. A 5-point window is narrow; it is the measurement most worth checking.

**Provenance.** "The file must be saved directly from the original file captured by the camera." A scan of a print is refused, and so, by that wording, is a file that has been re-saved through other software along the way.

<Callout type="warning" title="The 3:2 file is not the 50 x 70 mm print">
The printed Canadian passport photo is 50 x 70 mm, a 5:7 shape. The digital file is 3:2. A studio that only crops its print template to a digital file will produce the wrong shape, with the face at the wrong proportion. Ask for the online renewal file by name.
</Callout>

## Appearance rules that apply to the digital photo

The online file follows the same appearance rules as a printed Canadian passport photo:

<RuleList items={[
  { text: "Taken no more than 6 months before you apply", ok: true },
  { text: "Plain white or light-coloured background, clearly different from your face", ok: true },
  { text: "Uniform lighting, no shadows, glare or flash reflections", ok: true },
  { text: "Eyes open and clearly visible, mouth closed, not smiling or frowning", ok: true },
  { text: "Glasses allowed if your eyes are clearly visible and the lenses have no glare", ok: true },
  { text: "Religious or medical head covering worn daily, full face visible, no shadow on the face", ok: true },
  { text: "Colour or black and white", ok: true },
  { text: "A photo taken at home, by a friend, or as a selfie", ok: false },
  { text: "A scanned copy of a printed photo", ok: false },
  { text: "Any alteration: photo-editing software, filters or AI tools", ok: false }
]} />

The no-smile rule catches people who have recently done a US photo, where a natural closed-mouth smile is allowed. Canada wants a neutral expression; the photo page says IRCC allows some range for newborns, but online renewal is only for adult passports.

## Getting the file from the studio

Canada.ca says the photographer "can then share the photo with you by, for example, uploading it to an online file-sharing service, saving it to a USB flash drive, or sending it by email."

<Steps items={[
  { title: "Book a studio that does Canadian passport photos", text: "Ask on the phone whether they produce the digital file for online renewal, not just the 50 x 70 mm prints. If they do both, you can have prints made at the same session in case you end up renewing by mail." },
  { title: "Hand over the specification", text: "JPEG, 3:2 portrait, 1,200 x 1,800 to 3,000 x 4,500 pixels, 200 KB to 5 MB, face 45% to 50% of the height, saved from the original camera file. Glasses on only if there is no glare." },
  { title: "Agree how the file reaches you", text: "File-sharing link, USB drive or email are the examples canada.ca gives. Ask for the file itself, not a preview or a screenshot of it." },
  { title: "Check the file before you leave, or as soon as it arrives", text: "Open its properties: .jpg or .jpeg, pixel dimensions inside the range, size between 200 KB and 5 MB. If any of those is off, ask the studio to re-export from the original, rather than fixing it yourself." },
  { title: "Keep the file untouched until you upload", text: "Don't crop, rotate, brighten or convert it. Any of those is an alteration, and re-saving it means it is no longer saved directly from the camera's original." },
  { title: "Apply within 6 months of the photo date", text: "Note the date the photo was taken. A file older than 6 months when you submit needs to be replaced with a new studio photo." }
]} />

<ToolCTA document="canada-passport" title="Check the studio's file, free, before you upload it" text="We can't replace the commercial photographer Canada requires. What we can do is look at the photo the studio sent: head height and tilt, background evenness, sharpness and exposure against canada.ca's rules. The check is free, and there is nothing to buy." />

## Where our tool fits, honestly

It doesn't replace the studio, and for this application we don't want to sell you a file. A Canadian online renewal photo must come from a commercial photographer and be saved directly from that camera's original file. A file we produce, or any file re-saved after the fact, cannot meet that rule.

What we can offer is a second pair of eyes. [Upload the studio's photo](/photo?document=canada-passport) and our free check measures head height and tilt, and whether the background is plain and even, the photo sharp and the exposure balanced. We don't detect glasses, so check the lenses for glare yourself. If something is off, take it back to the photographer: a retake or a re-export from the original is the fix, not an edit.

Don't use the check's cropped preview as your upload. Upload the photographer's file.

## Not every IRCC photo works this way

Canadians sometimes assume one IRCC photo rule covers everything. It doesn't. IRCC's [Permanent resident photos](https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/permanent-residents/card/photos.html) page also sends applicants to a commercial photographer or studio, but its digital photo is sized between 715 x 1000 and 2000 x 2800 pixels, 4 MB or less, on a plain white background, can be a scanned copy of a printed professional photo, and may be up to 12 months old. The passport renewal file allows none of that. See our [Canada PR card photo](/blog/canada-pr-card-photo) guide for that application.

And if you end up renewing on paper, remember what changes: two printed photos, and on the back of one of them the photographer writes or stamps the studio's name, complete address and the date. The renewal documents page says renewals don't need a guarantor's signature on the photo; for applications that do, see [Canada passport guarantor](/blog/canada-passport-photo-guarantor).

## Don't fix the photo yourself

The alteration rule is the one most likely to sink a photo that looks perfect. Canada.ca: "The photo must not be altered in any way. Altering includes using photo-editing software, filters, or AI tools." Lightening a shadow, straightening a tilt or whitening a grey wall all count, and a replaced background is exactly the kind of edit the rule is written for. Our guide to [AI-edited passport photos](/blog/ai-edited-passport-photos) sets out how other authorities draw the same line. If the studio photo has a problem, the answer is another studio photo.

## Frequently asked questions

### Can I take my own photo to renew my Canadian passport online?

No. Canada.ca says the digital passport photo must be taken in person by a commercial photographer, and the July 2026 announcement repeats that all passport applications require commercially taken photos. A selfie or a photo taken by a friend is not accepted, however well it meets the size rules.

### What size is the digital photo for Canadian online passport renewal?

A JPEG with a 3:2 aspect ratio in portrait orientation, at least 1,800 pixels high by 1,200 wide and at most 4,500 by 3,000, between 200 KB and 5 MB. Your chin-to-crown measurement must be 45% to 50% of the photo's height. The photographer produces this file.

### Can I scan my printed passport photos for online renewal?

No. Canada.ca says it doesn't accept scanned copies of printed photos for the digital passport photo, and the file must be saved directly from the original file captured by the camera. Ask the studio for the digital file at the same appointment instead of scanning the prints.

### How does the photographer send me the digital photo?

Canada.ca gives examples: the photographer can upload it to an online file-sharing service, save it to a USB flash drive, or send it by email. Whatever the route, check the file you receive is still a JPEG within the pixel and file-size limits before you start the application.

### How old can the photo be for online renewal?

No more than 6 months old when you apply. The rule is the same as for printed passport photos. If the studio file is older than that by the time you are ready to submit, you need a new photo from a commercial photographer.

### Can I wear glasses in my online renewal photo?

Yes. Canada.ca accepts photos with glasses if your eyes are clearly visible and there is no glare on the lenses. Sunglasses and tinted glasses are refused, including tinted prescription lenses, so ask the photographer to check for reflections before the final shot.

<Sources items={[
  { label: "Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada - Passport photo requirements (date modified 2026-02-11)", href: "https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/canadian-passports/photos.html" },
  { label: "Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada - Renew a passport online in Canada (date modified 2026-09-15)", href: "https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/canadian-passports/renew-adult-passport/submit-form-fees/renew-online.html" },
  { label: "Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada - Canada expands online passport renewal to all eligible adults (July 28, 2026)", href: "https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/news/2026/07/canada-expands-online-passport-renewal-to-all-eligible-adults.html" },
  { label: "Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada - What you need to renew your adult passport in Canada", href: "https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/canadian-passports/renew-adult-passport/required-documents-photos.html" },
  { label: "Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada - Permanent resident photos", href: "https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/permanent-residents/card/photos.html" }
]} />